Discovery: Indigenous Australians and Historical Truth Essay

Discoveries reveal things that we often would prefer to keep hidden. Discuss the concept of â€Å"Discovery† and the effects it has on those who are involved. You must refer to your set text and supplementary material which you have studied in relation to this topic. The topic discovery involves the reviling of past things that were previously unknown. These truths can range from physical objects to self-awareness, from new knowledge to hidden memory. However, discovery can be such a powerful thing that some things may be better left hidden. An example of someone discovering the past is in the set text, Sally Morgan’s â€Å"My Place†. The supplementary material that will be â€Å"Paperbark-tree† by Oodgeroo Noonuccal and Sarah’s Story from the National Inquiry. Two issues that are raised in â€Å"My Place† are the discovery of self and the search for historical truth. Part of growing up involves the discovery of self. This normally means finding out your family’s history. In â€Å"My Place†, Sally grows up feeling that there is a lot about her past that she doesn’t know.†the feeling that a very vital part of me was missing and that I’d never belong anywhere. † When she was a child, her best friend was Winnie the Pooh. She felt that she had a lot in common because they both felt like misfits. Both her mother and grandmother know that Sally doesn’t know much about their Aboriginal heritage, and so therefore tell her that she is Indian. â€Å"Come on, Mum, what are we? What do the kids at school say? Anything. Italian, Greek, Indian. Tell them you’re Indian. † Eventually Sally find’s out that she is Aboriginal and by finding this out, starts her on a quest for knowledge. This feeling of having not much idea of who you are may make you want to go and find out the truth. A big example of this is Aborigine’s who were taken from their parents as children and sent away to work as slaves. In Sarah’s story she explains how as a child, just like Sally, she was told that she was not aboriginal. She was white skinned living with her white skinned father and had to be taken away because people believed that white skins should not mix with natives. â€Å"We were discouraged from any contact with Aboriginal People. † The second issue that is faced in â€Å"My Place† is historical truth. Know matter how the reader interprets the story, they are always going to be able to read about Australia’s past. As Arthur tells Sally, â€Å"There’s almost nothing written from a personal point of view about Aboriginal people. No one knows what it was like for us. A lot of our history has been lost? † In search for her family’s story, Sally uncovers the historical truth of a generation controlled by a white Australia. Paperbark Tree, by Oodgeroo Noonuccal is a short story, who has been cut off from the Aboriginal ways of life, travels the country looking for traces of her tribe. Both Oodergeroo in the story and Sally Morgan begin their search for knowledge as women without an understanding of their past history. They both need to connect with their Aboriginality and understand how their relatives or tribe members lived. They both travel around looking for information. By learning stories of the past, and writing them down, both women are able to understand who they are and connect with the wealth of aboriginal culture and experience. In conclusion, discoveries can reveal things that that are previously unknown and sometimes the truth is better left hidden.

Manage operational plan

Human resource issues in employment management and the possible solution The sources of training need provide a diversity and complexity of training requirements to be at practice level you should be managing coordinating the training necessary to satisfy all the needs all the personnel in training should be skilled. 1. 1. 3 Human resource issues In Administration and the possible solution Recruitment is another traditional area high quality candidate's should be attracted to the positions the person and position requirements should clearly established.A variety of selection methods appropriate to the situation should be used Like entrance tests an Interview. 1. 1. 4 Human resource Issues in training and the possible solution Administration Is function of human resource management Is to be provide the employees with the capability to manage healthcare, record, keeping, promotion, benefits etc. The function In terms of employees benefit Is to create management system to achieve long t erm goals plans It requires the exercise of analytic ability and application of substantial knowledge of principals.Duties and Responsibilities; * Recruiting and staffing logistics * Performance management and improvement tracking system * Record keeping * Assisting with employees relationship * Employee safety and so many- prepare sales action plans and schedules assist, develop and maintain sales and promotional materials make sales calls to new and existing clients assist, develop and make presentations of company products and services to current ND potential clients negotiate with clients maintain sales activity records and reports ensure customer service satisfaction and good client relationships follow up on sales activity assist, conduct market research and surveys Skills and Abilities; Excellent computer skills including word and excel Effective oral and written communications skills knowledge of employment laws good interpersonal skills skills in database management Be read y and able to work within a team. Have a polite, helpful manner Education bachelor degree Experience 1 or 2 years of general business 3. Preparing a Job Advertisement title Wage Working area, place Working hours Skills, knowledge and attitude we needed Qualifications and experience we needed Contact name and number of someone who is from our Human Resource Department. 3. 1 Job Advertisement for tycoon Company Tycoon Trading Company Sales Department; salary: $ 55. 000 annual Working hours: 9:00 am-5:00 pm (Monday to Friday) Our company is located in western suburb close to city and all public transport.As a small business company we are looking for an intellectual, a creative, qualified and at least two years sales experienced person who must use all office programs referentially especially MS Excel, provide good communication with customers and also must assist to someone else about one of our new product in our company. A person who can enjoy challenges and working towards targets has ability to exceed customers expectation Contact no. 02345678(arena) 4. Detail the Cost of Hiring an Employee Cost of detail of our office person contains; Employee background screening Advertising Relocation pay Time for interviewing Travel expenses Training costs Taxation and wages Human resources paperwork about employee Survey and monitoring processes' cost for employee Job offer calls by phone or Job offer letter by mail Employee back ground investigation and make phone calls to its former company 5. Selection Criteria and interview Questions 5. Selection criteria from the sales position role Qualities and Quantities research skills Communication and negotiation skills Organization and Planning Understanding of the Decision making 5. 2 Interview Questions 1. Tell me who are the main stakeholders in our business and describe the task of job that you understand? 2. How can use the qualities and quantities research skills in this position? Can you give me an example about these skills which you have used before in former Job? 3. How will you build good relationships with your team members? 4. How will you satisfy dissatisfied customers? 5. Tell me what is your daily schedule position in Job? 6. Now I want you to try to sell me something. Try to convince me to buy this coffee to drink. 7.Which advertising methods do you use to present a new product to create an attract attention for our customers. 8. Can you give me a specific example of an occasion when you took on extra responsibility or showed initiative in improving an aspect of work? . Describe the most challenging problem that you have had to solve, and what you took into account. 6. Reference Checking It is a process of authenticating the information supplied to potential employer by a job applicant in his resume, application and interviews it ensure the employer that the candidate has background and experience as he claims it includes and takes usually 20 or 30 minutes to complete.It is a control p rocess provides past information of employee and asks questions two or three people who directly managed the candidate about employees' skill and knowledge for requested position, allegations with other team members it includes verification of academic credentials ,verification of prior employment, testing to confirm skill, criminal background check To make a reference checking about regarding person will be good in term of employer. For this reason the human resource department of tycoon International Trading Company prepares some questions to make a reference checking on former Jobs and positions of regarding person on the its ex-companies. Our reference checking questions are generally consisting of; When did related person work for your company? Could you confirm starting and ending employment dates? When did s/he leave the company?Why did related person leave the company? What was her/his starting and ending salary? What was her/his position? Can you describe the Job responsibi lities? Did person supervise other employees? How effectively? If I spoke to those employees, how do you think they would describe person's management style? How did person handle conflict? How about pressure? Stress ? Did you evaluate person's performance? Can you speak to his/her strong and weak points? What was person's biggest accomplishment while working for your company? If I describe the position we are hiring for what, could you describe how good a fit you think person would be for the position?On the other hand a coach observes employee's work and actions, and provides related teaching skills. A coach can come from same division in a work place for example from company's personnel or manager. As a manager, I can also be a coach for my new and current employees. And as a coach, I can give my time and attention to my employees and I can help them master their work and grow their own knowledge and skills. Also, I can ensure them extend their learning capabilities and improve t heir self-development. On the other hand, for the role of the mentor I can provide my new employees to reach their highest potential in the business. I can arrange for them individual or organizational group mentoring programs. 9.Three months' probation review It is a 3 month period from the date of commencement of employment whether the employer assesses suitability of employee for the role and employee has an opportunity to determine if the role meets their needs. Probation period has been formed as 3 months in our Human Resources Plan to provide a review and recording about newly hired personnel. Review will be made to the Human Resources Department end of the each month during the three months. First two months will contain initial reviews, and last month will be taken final reviews for employees. Employee assessment Company name Employee name Identification Date/period Position 9. Records of Review Importing point in a review report is that it gives healthy and true decisions a bout newly chosen personnel and provides much strangest workforce for the organization in the future. Following things should be recorded Attendance Punctuality Appearance dress code Attitude-positive, cooperative Work quality Workplace-care of company equipment Team work skills 10. Monitoring and Review of a Human Resource Plan Human resources plan provide a framework for a company for that as a Human resource manager of the related company I can follow company's missions and daily know as I guide the employees to help the company succeed as well I can be sure whether all staffing needs are met or not.According to the topic, firstly I have to thing about new product in the organization and sales staff that has also employed newly. For example as a human resource manager I arranged a staff training program for elated person and also I chose another person who will be responsible for monitoring system. By this responsible person I will follow all performance and capabilities of new s taff and also I will be reported about the all situations among the training such as staff training has been completed by a certain date or not. After this training process I can manage a survey which indicates the results of customer satisfaction and therefore I can make a review about my resources plan which has achieved to present new product by my new training staff or not. PART BAccording to case study, Sports Gear that is a medium size company will need to increase its production for the Australian Team in the World Cup within 6 weeks which needs to be more than the current level in order to meet the expected demand. 1. Expenses for the new operational plan To increase productivity we need following things, More staff for night shift More machinery. Time schedule should be extended to rush and 5 days a week for next 6 weeks. Organize extra arrangements for catering and refreshments for the working staff. 2 extra supervisors for night shifts. Ordering extra raw material. Extra room for storage and vehicles for distribution. All of the above will lead to increase the company's current expenses. For that Sports Gear need to extend their company's budget.For example, company need to provide more wages for more staff and extra supervisors, more usage for more electrical expenses, more budget for extra order for raw material, more requirement of fuel oil for distribution during the 6 weeks, etc. 2. Monitor performance of the staff to increase productivity Garry can monitor his staff performance by:- Establishing CATV cameras and recording and viewing all the staff members while working. Setting daily targets for each supervisor and each staff. Staff attendance records. Amount of waste production for each staff which shows they are doing their 3. Budget of the company and its use Budget is a list of all planned expenses and revenues. It is a plan for saving, borrowing and spending.A reasonable budget allow you to do what you want it helps to be business in righ t direction The company uses the budget because it provides:- Planning, Set expectations, Consideration, and Guidance Control finances Help to achieve target Helps to prevent loss. 4. Documentation used for developing a business budget Budgeting is the basis for developing supportable financial plans. The documents developed by the company as a result of these instructions are a normal part of the annual budget effort. Provide a consistent basis for business planning and budget reviews, facilitate any necessary budget adjustments, provide transparency and a clear audit trail, support rate case filings, assist external reporting with their communication to the investment community, and Keeping the record of budget and getting it checked by the senior personnel.

How you hope to use your business school experience and education to impact society

Everything that a man wishes to happen comes at the right time and with a great purpose. My name is (insert your name here) and I wish to pursue a degree in (insert course here) at (insert name of university here). I believe that acquiring more knowledge through the JD/MBA program will make me a more competent professional in the future. I anticipate my future with success and dedicate it in giving service to other people. it is in through helping that we achieve success at its most perfect sense.By having the said degree, I will be an asset in this society because of the vast knowledge I gained from both my academic and professional society. I graduated from (insert previous name of school) with a degree in (insert previous school). I am proud to say that through hard work and perseverance, I was able to finish such course with good grades in most of my subjects. I also experienced having job in (insert name of previous job here) where I work as a (insert name of previous position h ere).In this fast changing world, having one degree makes an individual lesser competent than those who posses masters degree. I believe that once I finished the JD/MBA program, I will have greater opportunities to be in a good paying job in the future. Clients will respect me more once they knew that I understand both the realms of business and justice. It will also give me chances of creating my own company so that I can help and serve people.It is one way of showing my gratitude to the university where I came from because I will make them proud because of my achievements. My business school experience is an edge among other graduates because a JD/MBA will help me make better decisions in the business world. My marketability, knowledge and flexibility are more increased because of the JD/MBA program. I can also relate with other people without disappointing them because I also acquired the right people handling and people relationship strategies from the fellowship at business sch ool.From all that has been said and done, I look forward to learning more about JD/MBA in this credible institution. I am confident that my future will be successful because I will be completing a degree in an institution that recruits only the best and finest students. I have the right knowledge because this school is armed with wide array of resources on the said field. Moreover, my skills are more enhance because I was trained by professors who are expert on this field.Having the heart of an entrepreneur, I also look at my future with great opportunities in establishing my own business. As a holder of a JD/MBA degree it is easier for me to raise capital for new business and my credibility is also increased. More people will put their trust on me because they know that I am expert on the said field. My business school experience is a great help not only in my personal growth but also in the upheaval of the society.

Economic globalization of Argentina Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Economic globalization of Argentina - Essay Example ublic sector reforms, capital movement, and trade liberalization along the 90s, which projected the nation’s progress as the globalization model of economic success. Fortunately, despite the Mexican crisis in the mid of the 90’s, Argentina experienced high GDP growth and income level, but its economy could not avoid the increasing inequality and unemployment levels, and later billions of public debt and uncompetitive currency level. Thesis: This document brings out and elaborates the consequences of the economic globalization of Argentina’s finance, trade and labor since the 1990s. It argues that poorly controlled economic integration with the global economy contributed to the financial strain, collapse of fixed exchange rate system, high unemployment, labor market disruption, and weak currency that affected households and domestic activities. During the 1990s decade, Argentina was an example of many emerging countries that applied the multiple policies to reform its economy. The set of policies called the Washington consensus and implemented through the IMF and World Bank, changed the exchange rates, foreign direct investment and the financial liberalization of Argentina (WHO who.int). First of all, the IMF cannot escape the role it played in contributing to the 2001 financial crisis in Argentina, after a decade’s involvement in advising and financing Argentine’s economic programs. Second, the Argentine government made serious mistakes in its fiscal policies, which all ended up in high sovereign debt and bankruptcy, after a period of pegging the peso to the US dollar and excessive borrowing. Argentina later entered the debt trap in 2001 with no rescue from the IMF, which affected the jobs in the service and banking sector the most. With the previous economic growth, Argentina had an increasing number of mid dle class working populations. Despite the persistent increasing unemployment over the decade, the nation experience of job loss was intolerable for

See Attachment for Instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

See Attachment for Instruction - Essay Example Strategy is a broad concept that has received a number of definitions from various scholars. For instance; a scholar known as Andrew defines strategic planning as a firm’s process of its strategy, decision-making or directional definition with regards to its resource allocation. He adds that it also broadens the control aspects of mechanisms that guide the strategic implementation (Toronto, 1991). It became prominent within various corporations at around 1960s and has remained as an essential managerial aspect. On the other hand, Liddell reiterates that strategy entirely refers to the art of distribution and application of the military means so as to duly fulfill the policy ends. Deleting "military" from his definition eases the transfer of the strategic concept into the business environment. Corporate strategy refers to a company’s decision-making pattern that reveals and determines its purposes, goals, or objectives, produces the key plans and policies for achievement of those goals, as well as the definition of a business range that is pursued by a given company, the form in which human and economic organization is or maybe intends to, and the ultimate nature of non-economic and economic contribution that it is intending to formulate to its employees, shareholders, communities, and customers (Ottawa, 1989) According to a scholar known as Mintzberg, strategy is a means of moving from one point to the other. On the other hand, he reiterates that strategic planning can also be taken to mean setting up of a time-based operational structure, the position, as well as the perspective that dictates an organization’s visions. He continues asserting that the emergence of a strategy is due to the collisions of various intentions in order to accommodate the targeted reality. Andrew’s definition on the other hand tends to anticipate Mintzberg’s attention with regards to pattern, perspective, and plan. He also draws a

Creating a Motivating Environment in the Workplace Research Paper

Creating a Motivating Environment in the Workplace - Research Paper Example Understanding what drives positive attitudes, energies and dedication to meeting organizational goals is at the very foundation of motivation and consists of personality, fear responses, and personal demand for empowerment in key environments. The method of creating a more motivational environment depends on the individualist values held by the employee related to these ideas or emotions. Understanding the psychology Wang & Erdheim (2007, pp.1494) describe the elements of the big five personality traits that include neuroticism, agreeableness, extraversion, conscientiousness and openness to new experiences. Sociability is measured in extraversion, emotional stability is associated with neuroticism, conscientiousness supported by concepts of goal-attainment and dependability (Wang & Erdheim). Each concept is associated with internal dynamics of personality that relate to whether or not an individual adjusts effectively or is responsive to external stimuli. Herzberg (1968, p.2) describes motivation from the perception of a pet and its master. â€Å"The dog wants the biscuit, but it is I who want it to move. I am the one who is motivated, and the dog is the one who moves†. Herzberg describes motivations in terms of incentives or promotions as a means to drive productivity, however the responses that are formulated against this extrinsic reward style are borne of personality factors and indivi dual beliefs associated with reward. Of the big five personality dimensions offered, agreeableness is represented by â€Å"emotional support needs, caring, and nurturance† (Erdheim & Wang, p.1495). This is why externally-driven incentive rewards inspire higher levels of performance as they build on self-confidence and other foundational needs associated with security and belonging. The consequences or outcomes of this motivation are unique depending on the ambitions or goals of the organizational environment or leadership. According to Margaret Wheatley (1997, p.1), â€Å"organizations of all kinds are cluttered with control mechanisms that paralyze employees and leaders alike†¦these mechanisms seem to derive from our fear (or) our fear of one another†. Control systems are associated with typical models of management such as the Theory X management style that believes individuals need to be motivated with a strong voice or a harsh hand. Though regulated by certain government restrictions on control behavior, authoritarian posturing achieves results. The question is not whether it is derived from extrinsically-driven incentives or motivations, it is whether or not the employee is responsive based on their individual needs or personality structures. A manager with high levels of controls exhibits a sense of fear that is associated with loss (or fear of loss) such as formal reprimands for losing one’s position and therefore prompts new actions after rationalizing the impact on lifestyle. When a manager is able to control others through stricter policies and activities, there is no sense of empowerment or the production of a mutually-rewarding cultural or job-related environment. â€Å"Psychologically empowered workers are necessary to maintain the experiential process of learning and innovation† (Doll, 2010, p.54). So, there is a disparity between different management

Ideological Development of the Conservative Party Coursework

Ideological Development of the Conservative Party - Coursework Example It is through these policies that the party has managed to achieve many of it successes. However, the policies are amended on several occasions. These have come because of defeats and successes in the political journey. With each new leadership of the party, new ideologies, strategies and policies arise. The modern conservative party under the leadership of David Cameron describes what the party has become in recent times. Before 1975, the conservative party held on to traditional pragmatism and strongly believed in the one state conservatism. Conservatism originated from Edmund Burke. He expressed his beliefs and ideas, which were philosophical but applied them politically. He formed the new principle of conservatism based on his understanding of nature, and definition of society. According to him, civil institutions had a religious origin. He believed societal progress was purely divine and that the state was an institution meant to help man govern himself better. Therefore, indivi duals holding public office had the obligation to govern from a divine origin. He urged them to hold office with honesty. The one state conservatism had two aspects: social and political. The social aspect of the one state conservatism sought to ensure that there existed an inclusion system. Inclusion involved ensuring that economically and socially, all had access to advances. The party sought to end the alienation suffered by some groups in society. The alienations affected the groups that immediate actions had to be taken. Politically, the one state conservatism sought to introduce a coalition in terms of support. The one state conservatism believed in the existence of a state and elaborated the responsibilities of the state. This conservatism concentrated on social aspects of the people. In 1975, Margaret Thatcher became the party leader and sought to redefine the ideologies established by her predecessors. In efforts to redefine her ideologies, Thatcher started by first establi shing a new definition for conservatism. According to her, conservatism was supposed to start from an individualistic point of view. She narrowed down society to individuals who had their unique needs. It was logical then to address the individual needs of each person before going to families and later to the community. Being an enthusiastic woman, she challenged the traditional pragmatism that change needed to be m taken slowly. In her idealism, change could be as well as be radical. Due to her enthusiasm for change, the ideologies of her time received the name ‘thatcherian agenda’. She did not support the gradual approach to change. She had the determination to put her ideologies into practice. During her period, Thatcher believed in practical politics. Her agenda was touched on classical liberalism, neo-liberalism, and free market (Ingle, 2008:34). Just like any other leader, Hatcher faced criticism on her agenda because some analysts thought that her ideas countered each other at some point. In fact, some people seem fully opposed to her ideas. However, her long reign gave her enough time to establish some of her ideologies and thus she gained popularity. Due to her liberal ideas, she was a vessel for the establishment of free markets. Further, she advocated for privatization of industries. Throughout her period, she achieved much. Her greatest achievement was the reduction of strikes by enforcing strong policies on unions.

Motivation for Turkish entry to the European Union Essay

Motivation for Turkish entry to the European Union - Essay Example As a result of that the tensions of the Cold War between America and Soviet Union were visible in Europe until the cold war ends during the latter parts of twentieth century. Soon after the ending of cold war, European and American countries started thinking about cooperation rather than conflicts. As a result of that, ideologies like globalization has entered the horizon. The ending of cold war helped Eastern Europe to reduce its gap with Western Europe. The unification of two Germanys gave momentum to this process. The call for regional integration or a unified Europe or European Union started to become a hotly debated topic after the unification of the two Germanys. â€Å"The term â€Å"regional integration† means combining parts into a whole, according to the Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary† (Dosenrode, 2010, p.4). Moreover, the theories of Federalism and Functionalism, put forward by prominent scholars gave momentum to the integration process of Europe. It shou ld be noted that Europe was functioning not as a whole, but as parts until the unification of the Germanys. The efforts for European integration were started immediately after WWII. ... Turkey is one country which is trying hard to become a permanent member in EU. Turkey is a Eurasian country of strategic importance because of its geographic location in between Asia and Europe. Its boundaries are located in two continents: Europe and Asia. That is why EU members are considering Turkey as a semi-European country. â€Å"Turkey  has not yet become a member of the  EU. Nevertheless,  Turkey's candidacy to join the  EU  is still one of the most considerable and controversial topics within the European political arena† (Kunnecke, 2013, p.527) Turkey has started its effort to acquire membership in the European Economic Community from 1987 onwards. Turkey is currently an associate member of the Western European Union. Moreover, they signed an agreement with the EU in 1995 and are officially recognized as a candidate for full membership now. Negotiations for accepting Turkey as full member of EU were started in 2005 and it is still going on. According to Aud as (2013, p.183) â€Å"Turkey  has been part of an ongoing process of integration with its European Union (EU) neighbours for year, and yet the debate for inclusion continues† According to Cendrowicz (2009), Turkey’s membership bid has become a major controversy of the ongoing enlargement of the European Union. He has pointed out that French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Chancellor Angela Merkel are against the introduction of Turkey into EU because of the public opinion against Turkey in Europe. Moreover, the current Eurozone crisis is another factor which weakens Turkey’s stakes for a membership in EU. Even though, Turkey is a secular democratic state, the influence of Islamic religion on political

MGT5780 Final Exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MGT5780 Final Exam - Assignment Example In addition, there is no formal training program for project managers. In most cases, they learn from experiences and failures in management of projects. As such, there is little known about project management. This makes the profession lack people who have the dream to be part of it. The managers, therefore, accidentally become part of the project and later a project manager with only the ad hoc training. Since project management is necessary, measures should be made to reflect this importance in how companies handle project management as a profession (Meredith & Mantel, 2012). Figure 2 represents the types of managers and how they are affected by politics. I would place myself in the category of politically sensible project manager. Politics is important in life as they are in the project. It is through the politics that projects that favor the community are established funded and supported. To further the goals of the project, politic consciousness is a necessity. This does not however mean dependent on politics or taking advantage of politics (Meredith & Mantel, 2012). Project management can be ruined by poor politics and in some cases, political figures may seem to support projects that favor their course without regard to the project objectives. Overdependence on politics, therefore, makes the politicians use a project as a vehicle to realize personal goals after which they abandon the project. Of the 12 guidelines proposed in the case study, those that can be said to be related to the need to understand the reasons for a project are; understanding the context of a project, understanding the needs of all the project stakeholders, understanding the meaning of success in the context of the project and remembering what you are trying to achieve. This is a crucial category of guidelines as they help the project manager to establish a course to follow and objectives to meet in the course (Meredith & Mantel, 2012). In

The Views of Adam Smith Essay Example for Free

The Views of Adam Smith Essay The views of Adam Smith, the Declaration of the Rights of Women, Declaration of Independence, and the Declaration of the Rights of Men have a few similarities and some differences. The similarities were difficult to find based on most of what Smith thinking was centered on economics. However, the works of Adam Smith and these three declarations all share a common theme on rights of human beings. For instance, Adam Smith was against slavery and his views were that he wanted it to be abolished. The thinking was on the same level thinking as was the three declaration views toward how men and women should be treated. The thoughts of all the authors were geared to place the individual before all; including profit. Adam Smith and the three declarations were quite different in many ways. One major difference among them were that the declaration were mainly concerning how individual should be treated. The declaration sought the government to be fair and just towards the treatment of both men and women. Whereas Adam Smith was in the infant stage of early economics and how capitalism could and would be fueled by human self-interest. Smith placed a lot of emphasis on what he termed as laws of the market; specifically addressing issues pertaining to goods that are produced for society. The declarations are pleading to the government for equal treatment in all phases of society, however the importance of the market is not the main concern in the declarations. Adam Smith is simply interested in how society managed to sustain itself through mechanism that are somewhat â€Å"invisible hand.† As Heilbroner 1999 questions, â€Å"How is it possible for a community in which everyone is busily following his self-interest not fly apart from sheer centrifugal force?† From these questions Smith was able to construct the laws of the market. Smith interest was in relation to how the individual interest and passion of men are in line with what society is in agreement with. The laws of the market is what Smith believes is the most influential part of society and its success or failure is based and dependent upon it. Smith see how an individual that is driven by self-interest in society coupled with similar motivated individuals will consequently end in competition. This competition directly leads to goods and quantities that society wants and desires. His intellect along years of studies and debating with some of the most gifted scholars of his time has granted to the conclusion that the self-interest and motivation of man solely for profit has to have a regulator to control the greed of profiteers. The regulator to which he defers to is called competition. Smith is able to see that for each man that wants to do the best for himself and reap maximum profits, will always be met the a similar individual with the same motives in mind. Smith views confirms with the views and demands of the authors of the three declarations. Smith was not in agreement with all the practices in his day as he displayed his understanding of the market and pre-capitalism. Even his day there those who would cheat the markets by rigging prices. He understood the exploitation of children for labor in the cotton mills were wrong. These practices was not his ideal way that the market and the future of should proceed but he knew that this the approach and the path in which it was following. It also confirm that even with the negatives that accompanied the market, these activities continued because society including felt that they were necessary evils attached to the overall progression of society. The Declaration of Man best describes the world as we know it today. This is based on the articles that are attached to this document. Although this declaration was drafted and written in 1789, some if not most of the pleas and demands are still being sought in today’s society. One of articles states, â€Å"That men are born and remain free and equal in rights.† However, this particle article was evident in society as late as the 1960s. During this time the Civil Rights struggle was need to simply grant Black (Negros) the right to vote, attend integrated schools, sit at the same lunch tables, or simply sit in the front of a public bus. The seventeenth article of the Declaration of Man states, â€Å"Since property is inviolable and sacred right, no one should be deprived thereof except where public necessity†¦..† This article also was not enforced until almost a one hundred years later and even then people of color ran into many obstacles when approaching property ownership. Even Smith time there was the rich who sole goal was to accumulate more wealth. Smith himself did not approve of giving to the needy or donation to charities. However Smith was not vain to believe in the accumulation of wealth simply to have more; Smith felt that capital was better suited to be invested into machinery to further the progress of the society.

The Major Environmental Issues In Bhutan Environmental Sciences Essay

The Major Environmental Issues In Bhutan Environmental Sciences Essay Bhutan is developing very rapidly and has experienced enormous transformation with these positive transformations, Bhutan face numerous challenges amongst which environmental issues are one of the major. Environmental issue includes waste management issue, pollution, population growth and deforestation. As an environmental student, it is important to know environmental issues and the way to tackle these issues. In this assignment, I have mentioned the major environmental issues and different ways in which these issues can be tackled. I would like to request our lecturer to kindly correct me and as are student myself, I admit there will be numerous mistakes. With great enthusiasm I did assignment and have learned a lot from this assignment. Some of major environmental issues in Bhutan Waste Management: Although the majority of Bhutanese people are being aware of waste management ¿Ã‚ ½s as they use the waste properly by dumping in the pit or in proper places. The main problem of waste management arises or took places in remote places and especially in labour camps, where waste is thrown carelessly. Thus there is a need to carry out waste management campaigns on a regular basis for different target groups. In order to help environmental conservation target specific problem areas, remote places and data has been further analyzed into gewogs wise. The remote gewogs were having highest waste management problems as they are uneducated, illiterate and they never think for their future sustainable. Waste management problem was reported as highest by students, followed by farmers, teachers and travelers as when travelers are going for tour they throw waste out of the car or buses. Thus waste management camping need to be organized on a regular basis targeting also transp ort owners and travelers as well. On the waste disposal practice 88 percent disposed there waste in proper places followed by one person each who dispose waste in the river, forest and also buried the waste and 9 percent did not respond. Although majority of the target groups seems to dump their waste in the pit but it is also a concern that some do not dump their waste improperly. thus there is need to train people and educate on proper waste management methods based on the three principles of reduce, reuse and recycle is possible and also to segregate waste into degradable and non -biodegradable and train people make fertilizer out of degradable or organic waste. Pollution is contamination of the environment by a chemical other agent such as noise or heat that is harmful to human health and survival. Polluting chemicals can affect the environment directly such as from volcanic eruptions or through human activities such as burning coals and gases. Dumping of chemical into river and other ocean will also lead to polluting the environment negatively. Pollution can be categorized as water, soil, noise, thermal and nuclear pollution. This is all due to short-term economic gain made by human. So it can be solved by charging external cost high on those goods which have high pollution on environment. According to the census of 2003 the population of Bhutan is 6,34,982 and its growth rate is 2 percent per year.(CAPSED,BHSEC XII text) When the population is growing at a rapid rate it will lead to affect on environment as they need more land for cultivation and even for construction of houses for survival. When there is more population it leads to the usage of more resources, even for their own benefits and as a result there will be no proper sustainable developing for future and even poor people they can start doing fishing, attacking animals and species for their survival and it will lead to development of a countries economy as if there is more people there will be more labor force and country will achieve more trading it is very harmful to the environment as there is chances of wasting resources and no proper sustainable in the country. But when a country is going high on economic growth it will help in making the proper use of the resources and they will use high skilled labor force to utilize properly and think for the future purpose. Precious plant and trees are becoming extinct as a result of clearing of the forest. The requirement of land for big open cast projects or plans is quite large. Many of the forest areas, many a times, are converted to fields. There for large forest areas are deforested to make a way for large open cast factories or industries. For that reason we have to organize some methods to preserve our environment such as planting trees in prone areas, practice of aforestation methods. Consumer is the one who have right to stop worldwide deforestation. Being a part of consumer we have right to charge high on those companies who have high environmental effect. By buying recycled or certified wood products, only supporting brands with zero deforestation policies, and getting others to do the same by sending a message to companies to embrace zero deforestation policies. So many trees are cut down and burned in rural areas. The only reason to do so is to practice temporary agriculture such as Tseri culture or shifting cultivation. Those lands are used till its productivity declines. As the productively, people has the tendency to select new plot of land and produce the same method. Such agricultural methods have resulted in environmental problem. Environment conservation policy and strategy of Bhutan Environmental conservation is not a new concept to Bhutanese. It has always been at the center of national development thinking and policy making. Over a year government set up a strong conservation policies and law has evolved to ensure protection, management and sustainable use of biodiversity resources. Bhutan conservation policies and laws are contributing to the overarching national development objective of GNH. This is based on sustainable development as one of its four pillars. According to the constitution of the kingdom of Bhutan, which enshrines environmental conservation as a constitutional mandate.(Consituation,2008) Renewable natural Resources sector policy. The RNR sector policy give importance on attaining greater national food security, conserving and managing natural resources, enhancing rural income, and generating farm based employment opportunities. Objectives: To encourage economic development that has respect for long term sustainable development on the countrys resources, comparative advantages, and community based self help institutions. To pursue balance and equitable development of the country renewable natural resources, distributions of benefits among their society and regions. To be sensitive and responsive to the rich culture heritage of the country and its preservation. Community forest management It was introduced in the country in the 1980s. Its main objective was to improve local forest conditions through community management Enhancing socio-economic benefits to the local communities in terms of increased access to forest products such as timber, fuel wood, fodder and non-wood forest products. It is responsible for all the communities ¿Ã‚ ½ member such as chair person. Resub which means responsible for taking care of forest and looking after the person whether they are doing harm on forest or not. Not only the community member but it is also responsible for all the citizen of Bhutan to take care of our rich environment. Until 2001, there was only one community forest unit, which was established with the community of Dozam village in Dramatis gewog, Mongar in 1997. Since 2001, a total of 117 community forest units collectively covering 15,489 ha of forest land have been established across the country and lastly landmark year for the community forest management program were in 2008. (UNDP, MOA, DOF, 2009). Environmental Protection Act, 2007: Bhutan has a long tradition of living in harmony with nature, which is firmly by the resolution of the parliament to maintain a minimum of sixty percent of countrys land under forest cover in perpetuity.( Environmental Protection Act, 2007.)Objectives: This act organizes mainly to provide for the establishment of an effective system to conserve and protect environment through the National Environment Commission or its successor, designation of competent authorities and constitution of other advisor competitive, so as to independently regulate and promote sustainable development in an equitable manner and also the people and government in succession shall consider and adopt it developmental policies, plans and programs in harmony with the environment principles. (Environmental act, 2008) MINES AND MINERALS MANGEMENT ACT, 1995: The mineral management and mines Act was introduced in 1995. Its main objectives are preservation, protection, sitting of environmental standards and conservation of natural resources constant with the provision of the Act and other environmental legislation as a critical feature of mining practice. It is responsible for both business firm and government sector to restoration of areas that are mined is carried out in a proper manner with the objective of creating sustainable and acceptable environment as approved by the national environment commission. In exercise of the powers conferred by article 50 of the mines and minerals management Act of 1995, the ministry of trade, industry mines and minerals management regulations 2002. They kept records of mining operation including environmental protection quality standards adopted by the national environment commission. (MINES AND MINERALS MANGEMENT ACT, 1995) ENVIRONMENTAL CONESRVATION POLICY IN BHUTAN: Bhutans development philosophy is most well enunciates in the statement of His Majesty the King Jigme Singye Wangchuk said that, Gross National Happiness is more important than Gross Domestic Product.(Majhi, 2005 p228) From the concept of GNH it changed the mind of Bhutanese people and they are having concern to our rich biodiversity and environment in accordance with international standards may have unwillingly contributed to a hardening of traditional attitudes and values. And also Bhutanese people are organizing some organization which is related to environment preserve and promote environment for sustainable development. They realizes that main source of their income is from environment and gained some sense of respect to environment and doing work on reforestation. For example, if they are cutting down if two trees for construction purpose, in return they are planting doubled environment. They are giving more important to rules and regulations passed by the government which is r elated to environment. The success of environmental conservation is community forest management as government is giving full responsible to each and every gewogs in Bhutan for the conservation purpose and it is responsible for all the gewog chairpersons to take care of it. And chairperson has full power of royalties. He/she has to submit records to government agency as how many trees are lost in previous year and for what purpose. For the shortcoming natural disaster, it is responsible for all the Bhutanese people to plant trees in prone areas. The chairperson is responsible to report to government about any consequences on environment. They are responsible to take care of the forest and protect the forest. The budgets generated are divided among members charging small rate of interest. Members are allowed to enjoy the products of the forest legally. In this industrialized world where technologies have the revolution of human worlds environmental disasters are very much prompt and delicate. Modern technologist has far reaching affects such as air pollution, water pollution, and even the eco-system is disturbed. Human habitation with implementation of advanced technologies has caused immense destruction to the environment and perhaps this would eventually lead to unbalancing in eco-system. As every nation in the world faces unavoidable environmental issues, Bhutan too shares its own severe consequences. However, with the emerged of National Environmental Commission and other agencies, Bhutan particularly adopted and implements different environmental policies and strategies to minimize the destruction causes to the environment. In spite of the effort from the government, environment issues are still irresistible. REERECNCE Bharuch,E.(2005).Text book of Environmental studies for under graduate courses.University press. India. Gyeltshen.k (2008),Evaluation report on environmental education program in Thimshingla national park. kuensel corporation limited, Thimphu. Gurung.T(2009), Biodiversity action plan 2009.KMT printing press, Thimphu. Majhi,C.P.(2005), Economics class 12 BHSEC .Megah publication, Thimphu By: Dawa Penjor E.no: 101308 Eco and Evs

Views on Computationalism: Clark vs. Searle :: essays research papers

Views on Computationalism: Clark vs. Searle Computationalism: the view that computation, an abstract notion of materialism lacking semantics and real-world interaction, offers an explanatory basis for human comprehension. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss and compare different views regarding computationalism, and the arguments associated with these views. The two main arguments I feel are the strongest are proposed by Andy Clark, in â€Å"Mindware: Meat Machines†, and John Searle in â€Å"Minds, Brains, and Programs.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Andy Clark strongly argues for the theory that computers have the potential for being intelligent beings in his work â€Å"Mindware: Meat Machines.† The support Clark uses to defend his claims states the similar comparison of humans and machines using an array of symbols to perform functions. The main argument of his work can be interpreted as follows: p1. The brain is constructed like a computer, since both contain parts which enable them to function. p2. The brain, like a computer, uses symbols to make calculations and perform functions. p3. The brain contains mindware similarly as a computer contains software. c. Therefore, computers are capable of being intelligent beings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I find, however, that Clark’s conclusion is false, and that the following considerations provide a convincing argument for the premises leading to this conclusion, starting with premise one: â€Å"the brain is constructed like a computer, since both contain parts which enable them to function.† This statement is plausible, yet questionable. Yes, the mind contains tissue, veins, and nerves etc. which enable it to function, the same way that a computer contains wires, chips, and gigabytes etc. which it needs to function. However, can it be possible to compare the two when humans devised these parts and the computer itself so that it can function? If both â€Å"machines†, as Clark believes, were constructed by the same being this comparison might be more credible. Clark might argue that humans were made just as computers were made so therefore it could be appropriate to categorize them together. I feel that this response would fail because it is uncertain where exactly humans were made and how, unless one relies on faith, whereas computers are constructed by humans in warehouses or factories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My second argument against Clark’s claims applies to premise two: â€Å"the brain, like a computer, uses symbols to make calculations and perform functions.† Before I state what I find is wrong with this claim, I should explain the example Clark uses to support this premise, which is from the work of Jerry Fodor:

Limits to Growth in Elite Sport :: Sports Sport Athletics Essays

Limits to Growth in Elite Sport ABSTRACT: The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the ethical implications and problems in elite sport as it gets closer to the human performance limit. Modern elite sport must be viewed on the background of the idea of systematic progress. The Olympic motto, 'citius, altius, fortius'-faster, higher, stronger-gives a precise concentration of this idea. Modern sport is also influenced by the liberal idea of a free market where actors can perform, compete and be rewarded according to performance. However, one may ask why and how athletes are willing to risk their health and even their life on the free market of sport when they do the extreme: push limits, break records, set new standards, develop new events. This paper discusses what may be the result as sport moves toward the limits of human performance. The ethical focus on the development of the elite sport should not be restricted to the individual athlete, but should also include the various systems that make up elite spor t. Other actors, like coaches, leaders, sponsors, medical personnel, service people, etc., are taking part in the same development. One problem in the modern context is that society is divided into different moral sectors. What is accepted in entertainment or art may not be accepted in sport. It is suggested that we should develop a common ethic for all performance-centered activities like music, painting, science and research, acrobatics and stunts, acting, top politics and business. Or one could include all situations and events where people are put under extreme stress and have to perform well, like during expeditions, in idealistic humanitarian work, during hazards, and catastrophes. At the same time, one should not develop a sort of elite ethic. We need a new ethic that defines the ethical tolerance level in elite sport and that also points to some of the possibilities for development of both character and virtues under extreme pressure. Introduction The Olympic motto  «citius, altius, fortius » - faster, higher, stronger - gives a precise concentrate of the strong belief in eternal progress. To break barriers, to push limits, is very important and central in elite sport; to be the first under 10 seconds on 100 meter sprint for men, the first under 4 minutes in one English mile, the first over 6 meter in pole-vaulting or the first over 9 meter in long jump, and so on.

How Steinbeck Creates Two Contrasting Characters In Beginning Of Mice a

During the presidential reign of Hebert Hoover in the early 1930's, America was hit with a severe economic slowdown which was notoriously known as The Great Depression. During this time of crisis, an estimated sixteen million people were left unemployed and many others were left homeless. Even though it was expected that many industries in the United States would be significantly affected as a result of the crash, it was Agriculture that was destroyed. Many landowners were desperate to employ workers on their farm, whilst workers were anxious themselves to find a job to support their family. In this story, two displaced Anglo migrant ranch workers, George Milton and Lennie Small, travel around America in search for a job. We soon realise their goal to pursue the American Dream, a dream that has equal chance of becoming a reality or a mere fantasy. Steinbeck?s novel shows a concern for these two friends as tension is raised over whether they will reach the Promised Land they cherish s o much. Much of this concern can be attributed to the contrasting characters that both George and Lennie possess ?Although George is seen as an intelligent caring individual, his companion Lennie, although physically strong, is a psychologically limited man who has a good chance of inadvertently spoiling their hopes and ambitions, primarily due to his mental incapacity. Whilst Steinbeck describes the two main characters in the novel, we see that there is a significant difference in their physical appearances. For example, there is evidence in the text which suggests that Lennie is a colossal physical specimen: ?a huge man, shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes and he walked heavily...........the way a bear drags his paws.? The very fact that Len... ...?into the trap?. This suggests that he is a man with few weaknesses. We find out in the latter stages of the story that George has a weakness, specifically his dependency of Lennie. Lennie, intelligently, tries to manipulate George by stating that he will leave him and ?live in that cage?. This irritates George who is desperate to win Lennie?s friendship back: I want you to stay with me Lennie, no you stay with me?. This shows that he needs him just as much as Lennie needs him. In general the reader can see that George needs his mate, Lennie to be able to survive, regardless of how mentally retarded he is. On the whole, the writer creates an immense contrast between both of these characters. The use of immaculate description, as well as short, sharp phrases assists the reader in gaining a vivid image of how these two animated characters would be like in real life.

Indian village Essay

In a small Indian village, a young child, Natu, wanders away into the jungle and was assumed to have been killed by the evil man-eating tiger Sheer Khan. In the other hand, a pack of wolves took care of the boy as one of their pups and named him Mowgli. Raksha, his wolf mother, kept a watchful eye out for him for she knew that Sheer Khan has a relentless thirst for the man-cub. During his years in the jungle, he befriended several animals which aided him as he grows old. Raksha is a she wolf who nursed the little Mowgl as an infant. Baloo, a kind-hearted laidback grey-hided bear, teaches Mowgli and his feral brothers the law of the jungle. The black panther Bagheera sets an eye out for Mowgli for he is constantly hunted by a evil man-eating tiger, Sheer Khan. Kaa is a huge powerful hundred year old serpent who helps Baloo and Bagheera rescue Mowgli when he was captured by group of monkeys in the hidden ruins. The boy grew into a young man and one day stumbles upon the village once again. His real mother recognized the boy as the child she lost long ago and welcomed him back home. She teaches Mowgli how to speak their language and how people behave in their village. Mowgli’s extraordinary ability to talk to the animals as fascinated the whole village including the young lady Mahala, Buldeo’s daughter. Buldeo is a boastful and arrogant hunter who despises Mowgli for contradicting him about real life and animals in the jungle. Mowgli wants to buy a â€Å"tooth† (knife) in order to kill the evil tiger Sheer Khan and buys one from Buldeo. Buldeo wanted to kill the tiger Sheer Khan for the reward of his hide. But Mowlgi killed the tiger first before Buldeo did. Buldeo forced Mowgli to surrender him the tiger skin but he refused for he vowed to lay it upon the wolfpack’s council rock. Even though Buldeo forbids Mahala to talk to Mowgli, she goes with him into the jungle. Mowgli shows her the ruins of an ancient city with a vast treasure horde. Inside the ruins, a python named Kaa warns them that the jewels are deadly. Mahala takes one coin with Mowgli’s permission. Buldeo finds out about the treasure and persuades Mowgli to show him the rest of the treasure. He accidentally drops the coin his daughter took from the trove which caught the eye of the barber and his customer, and now they want to find the treasure too. After finding out about his daughters discovery of the gold coin, Buldeo coerced Mowgli to lead him to the treasure trove. He accidentally let the barber and his customer to find out about the treasure too. Mowgli leads the men and set out to the jungle to look for the ruins. They find the ruins but greed took place and they all fought for the treasure. When the barber and the customer died, Buldeo set the jungle on fire. Mowgli saves his mother and goes back to live in the village. A quintessential characters in the story is Mowgli, the main character in the story, a child raised by wolves who eventually goes back to his village when he becomes a young man. Another is Baloo, sleepy old grey bear, teaches the wolf pups and Mowgli the laws of the jungle and how to live in the jungle. Same is Bagheera, the black panther is originally born in captivity in the palace of the Rajah of Oodeypore, India escapes his cage when he was mature and strong enough, saves the life of Mowgli by offering a freshly-killed bull to the pack of wolves and demands them to raise Mowgli. Stock characters in the story include Mahala, a gentle young lady who fell in love with Mowgli. Mogli showed Mahala the ruins where the treasure was hidden. Messua is the wife of the richest man in the village and she believes that Mowgli is her long lost son, Natoo, who was lost in the jungle some years before. When she and Mowgli are reunited, teaches him the virtues and language of their village. Raksha is the she-wolf who takes care of Mowgli and raised him as one of her own pups. Defying the tiger Sheer Khan who is determined to hunt and eat the man-cub Mowgli she says that her name is Raksha, which means Demon, because of her ferocity and fighting skills, and vows to fight to her death for any of her cubs, natural or adopted. The play wanted to portray the 1894 original story of author Rudyard Kipling’s The Jungle Book. The cast sought to represent the essence of each character in the story for the audience to feel the flow and tension of the play. The producers did an excellent job on capturing the spirit of the original story. Every key character was played well and with outstanding acting skills. The setting, background, and lighting makes the audience feel that they are one with the environment. The play and production was all meaningful for it captured and delivered what the audience would like to see, feel and hear. The cast skillfully played their roles and vividly showed emotion of the scene. As a child, I really enjoyed Disney’s animation of The Jungle Book. I enjoyed the play a lot. It made me feel like I was in the story with the characters. I liked how the play was delivered and how the cast depicted the characters. The lights and background gave a good addition to the environment. The sounds made the play alive. Sound effects give a really big impact to me in plays. I like how the production and script matched the original story, but with a little twist, which made it play even more fascinating. I look forward to watch more plays similar to this one for it brings back memories of my childhood. I know that the audience loved it too. Plays like this will be excellent to fuel the minds of kids and help enjoy life. Reference: (2006). The jungle book. Retrieved October 17, 2006, from Answers.com: world’s greatest encyclodictionalmanacapedia. Web site: http://www. answers. com/topic/the-jungle-book Internet Movie Database Inc. (2006). Full cast and crew for the jungle book (1942). Retrieved October 17, 2006, from IMBD: Earth’s Biggest Movie Database Web site: http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0034928/fullcredits Scheib, R. (2003). Jungle book. Retrieved October 17, 2006. Web site: http://www. moria. co. nz/fantasy/junglebook42. htm _____. (2006). The jungle book. Retrieved October 17, 2006, from Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Web site: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Jungle_Book

The Role of Separation

Appointing a mission-wise Chair: Role separation resolves a potential conflict of interest arising from the fact that the CEO is the primary manager of a company and the chairman is the head of the board, which oversees management (Hodgeson, 2014). Separating the roles strengthens the system of checks and balances and enhances the appearance of board independence. Splitting the roles is widely considered to be a best practice in corporate governance, though its benefits remain controversial in some circles, notably in parts of the mainstream, corporate America. (Tonello, 2011). The mission relevance of the chair's role has long been recognized in the non-profit sector where facilitating mission delivery, through managing and organizing the governing board's mission-related work, has always been central to the chair's role (Akpeki, 2006). Appointing a new board chair, then, may come to be seen as a potential milestone for mission preservation in social entrepreneurships. The chair's role is central to successful corporate governance, and the influence of the person fulfilling this role can be critical to the maintenance of mission within thriving social entrepreneurship. It stands to reason that, through choosing a chair who understands and backs the social mission, organizations can strengthen mission stewardship in the boardroom and thus help avert mission drift. Commitment to carrying the torch of the mission is only a starting point for a chair. The chair's skills, personality, and behavior will determine his or her effectiveness. A capable chair should come with first-hand knowledge of the sector or industry the business is operating in, proven leadership skills and an understanding of board process. In social entrepreneurships, the chair will also need a firm grasp of mission in the practical sense, experience in delivering mission in a business context and a commitment to ensuring that mission has its place in board discussion and decision-making at every level (Shekshnia ; Rowley, 2014). A mission-capable chair will know how to keep the mission on the agenda, how to generate productive group discussion around mission and how to foster a positive board culture with a shared sense of purpose.

Lebanese Women Rights

Lebanon more established extremelydifficult political circumstances that result in war quite just once that deteriorated the state and every one laws and created an environment wherever violating human rights is well reached. though Asian country was one in all the member states behind the universal declaration of the human rights that was custom-made by the global organization general assembly on Gregorian calendar month 1948(Charafeddiene, 2009). Lebanon could be a various society that a good variety of voters was raised in well developed countries, besides quite seventy p. of the individuals square measure educated and a good variety of thinkers rose up from Asian country, still human rights aren't revered and particularly women’s rights, thus as girls across the globe take a flash to celebrate their various achievements in Asian country still fight for theirs in associate degree unrelenting patriarchic society(Castle 2009). And in an exceedingly country wherever women†™s rights looked as if it would be revered, still girls cannot pass their status to their broods; government has its reasons however girlssquare measure adhered to their right.The Lebanese status is transmitted by paternity (father). However, this offers the proper to Lebanese to transmit citizenship to their youngsters and foreign wives. (Lebanon: provide girls equal citizenship rights to men beneath the status law 2013 ) the main needs to the Lebanese needs could be a Lebanese father, according to the United Nations this can be thought-about discrimination and it's any upheld by Lebanon's reservation on Article two of paragraph nine of the United Nations Convention of the Elimination of All varieties of Discrimination against girls, signed in 1996. his can be the most conflict by that Lebanese girls square measure hard-to-pleaseto regulate this law and to present Lebanese girls there rights en passant status to their spouses and husbands. Kleib 2 Samira Soueidan's the Burj Hammo ud resident fell smitten, married and began a family. When her husband kicked the bucket in 1994, Soueidan was left with four youngsters the Lebanese state viewed as foreigners. Her crime? Soueidan had married associate degree Egyptian. hereas Lebanese law permits men to expire their status to their non-Lebanese wives and kids, it prohibits Lebanese girls married to non-Lebanese from doing constant. ( One Woman's Fight Against Lebanese status Law, 2013) â€Å"It's extremely ironic that we tend to faux to be the foremost liberal country within the region once we are the most patriarchic and booth at constant time,† (Abou-Habib 1994). the most right girls square measure hard-to-pleaseis that the equality and therefore the full citizenship and to be within the same category as men not a secondary category.Lebanese law discriminates girls and deprives girls from their rights, giving men additional rights. girlsneedto interrupt this masculine society that contradicts with Lebanese constitution and conjointly contradicts with several of national human rights standards â€Å"Convention on the Elimination of All varieties of Discrimination against girls â€Å"(CEDAW). girls have masses additional reasons to regulate the law.Adding the proper of the spouses has the proper to carry the status of their mother, this can be his identity, his mother and grandparents were raised in an exceedingly country that he will visit it as a guest, neglecting the very fact that he belongs to the current space, what is more he would are living within the country till he's over-the-hill, culture, traditions, friends, family land recollections were all gained in Asian country, and a jiffy be treated as a guest or a interloper desires a permission to go to the place he/she was raised in. ut broods that lived off from the country have the proper to go to wherever Kleib 3 their mother was raised and even additional the proper to freely selectwhereverto measure. consistent with Dr. A man Kabara this law affects not solely girls however rather the full family negatively (Mahdawi 2013).The socio-economic scenario has effects on the full family, families of Lebanese girls square measure needed to pay annual residency allow fees of around $1,200 per individual, endure regular medical check-ups and blood tests, and face wide difficulties in accessing or reasonable education, besides they can't profit social insurance and government subsidies, and health-care in Asian country isn'treasonablewhile not the social insurance program. what is more non-Lebanese cannot attain legal job neither public sector nor within the non-public sector unless they need a permission from the labor ministry.Samira value-addedâ€Å"My youngstersestablish as being 100% Lebanese, they are doing not have the other status. They love their country considerablyand that they were born and raised here entirely. â€Å"( One woman's fight against Lebanese status law 2009). May Kingall hopped to exa mine a law before she dies and tell her story â€Å"adding she had struggled for years to pay the residency fees for her half-Irish female offspring, currently over forty years previous.Kinghall aforesaid her female offspring, despite having a Lebanese Baccalaureate and a degree from the yankee University of capital of Lebanon, had to go away Asian country as a result of, while not a Lebanese passport, was unable to figure. â€Å"I'm still fighting to induce the proper of status for my kidUN agency was born here, raised here and UN agency feels she belongs here,† Kinghall value-added with exasperation Kleib 4 our kids square measure watched as aliens to the state. Hundreds of Lebanese girls demand equal right to expirestatus 2009) Problems that girls talked regarding were various consistent with the study of the global organization. they're issues that folksof various cultural, social levels and political orientations stumble upon. They shed the sunshine on the human rights of all voters If human rights guarantee to a personal the elemental rights, as an example right to figure, health care, environs and property, the rights of citizenship renders the optional matter a necessary one. girls square measure equal voters with men. Thus, why square measure they missing human rights?There square measure extravariousissuesexplanation from thisstatus Law, among thatthe texture of non-belonging that convoys lives of families and therefore the deep concern going hand in hand with details of everyday life. If the sensation of estrangement is that the least imperative in an exceedingly society that's as open because the Lebanese society, the children’s worries concerning the longer term and for the longer term, that they get from their folks, flip misery into pains that mother voiced with some tears that attended their confession of ignoring this law and therefore the ensuingissues it brings to their families. Charafeddiene, 2009) The minstrel committee eve n this difference by reasons that were almost like jokes as activists aforesaid. the foremost important reason was the demographic balance between Muslims and Christians that is hooked up to a additionaldifficult issue that is giving status to Palestinian refugees in Asian country. This last issue was major Kleib 5 reason within the continuous civil clashes for fifteen years, and still not resolved till of late and should stir up the war once more.The committee suspect that an oversized variety of Palestinians within the refugee's camps square measure married to Lebanese Sunni girlsattributable to the massive interaction between Muslim Sunni and therefore the Palestinians and the common faith. queries were asked regarding proportion|the share|the proportion} distribution of marriages consistent with faith and weather this percentage is decent to deny the women’s right fully citizenship. The statistics of the interior and municipality’s ministry, and therefore the Musli m courts and therefore the Christian church was that eighty seven. % marriages square measure Muslims and twelve. 5% square measure Christians, and by sects fifty one for Muslim Sunni, and if we tend to take the share by country of the husbands particularly Palestinians husbands square measure twenty first and ninety one of those twenty one square measure Muslim Sunni. Those statistics will support their purpose of read in unbalancing the demographic distribution unless we all know the share in numbers that eighty,000 square measure ones served by this Law that is a smaller amount than a hundred and twenty fifth of the Lebanese population that is negligible for the balance.Even additional the law was adopted before the immigration of Palestinians’ to Asian country (the law of status was adopted in 1925 and therefore the Palestinians immigrated in 1948 to Lebanon). thus this law was born filled with discrimination and difference. Men also are marrying non-Lebanese and consiste nt with the Lebanese general security, share of men marrying non-Lebanese is quitegirls marrying non-Lebanese and this could threaten the balance additional. Kleib 6The minstrel committee had additional excuses to support their purpose of read, either than the political problems demographical balance, it had been the difficult economic scenario in Asian country, and therefore the committee aforesaid that Asian country cannot hold additional responsibilities on different voters, and therefore the subsidies and social insurance cannot cowlextravariety of voters, and it'll be obligatedto hide the Palestinian refugees beneath this law. This reason was unimportantconsistent with the activists since these square measure active votership that may profit the country like several different citizens. oreover in traditional conditions Lebanese government isn't holding responsibilities, voters square measure fighting to possess their rights and that they square measure managing. Hundreds of gir ls activists square measure protestantto achieve their rights fully citizenship and to achieve different girls rights, a number of the organizations political figures in Asian country supported them, and that they draft a replacement citizenship law that respects girls rights and respect the gender equality. he primary Lebanese woman and therefore the Lebanese President is supporting the move, however still the govt isn't issuance this draft law, ladengirlsonce interviewed couldn’t continue the interview while not crying, that’s a good proof on what quantity these girls square measure neglected. girlsassociate degreed human rights believers ought to take an action and support those families to achieve this right, and begin the modification in Asian country on completely different sides.This was acceptable once a lady required a defender and once her capacities and potentials failed to alter her invariablyto form the proper decisions and choices. However, oncegirlsthese days square measure additional educated surpassing those of Kleib 7 males, meeting capacities in body and political opinions thatgirlsare aloof from,. (Charafeddiene 2009).And knowing that Asian country is one in allthe foremost political difficult countries and has endless difficulties, still the beginning ought to be by giving rights to any or all voters and equality ought to be noninheritable . Lebanese individuals says proudlyregarding freedom and rights in Asian country, this pride ought to push to support the hard-to-pleasefor ladies rights. Read more at http://smallseotools. com/article-rewriter/#qjZSvHQXilDiPq0b. 99

Daisy Miller

Daisy Miller, A Study can be examined as the story of initiation of Daisy, one of its main characters. To demonstrate this conception, we will consider Marcus Mordecai’s, Joseph Campbell’s and W. R. B. Lewis’ works as well as examples from the nouvelle itself. Marcus Mordecai states, ‘the most decisive initiations carry their protagonists firmly into maturity and understanding, or at least show them decisively embarked toward maturity. These initiations usually center on self-discovery’ (Mordecai,1960:223). Daisy’s process of initiation fits clearly in Mordecai’s decisive initiation. She enters the world of maturity through a series of steps. To begin with, we should cite the definition of story of initiation that Mordecai provides: An initiation story may be said to show its young protagonist experiencing a significant change of knowledge about the world or himself, or a change of character, or of both, and this change must point or lead him towards an adult world. (†¦ ) it should give some evidence that the change is at least likely to have permanent effects. (Mordecai,1960:223) To continue, the stages by which Daisy accomplishes her decisive initiation are depicted by Joseph Campbell in his book The Hero with a Thousand Faces. On our opinion when the story begins, Daisy has already crossed the threshold, in others words, she has accepted the call of the adventure in Europe. This is the stage of departure. Being an American girl, what she sees as an adventure is the search for sociability and for being accepted as she had been in America. Daisy is the archetypical innocent uncontaminated heroine: There isn't any society; or, if there is, I don't know where it keeps itself. Do you? I suppose there is some society somewhere, but I haven't seen anything of it. I'm very fond of society, and I have always had a great deal of it (†¦ I used to go to New York every winter. In New York I had lots of society. Last winter I had seventeen dinners given me; and three of them were by gentlemen (†¦ ) I have (†¦ ) more gentleman friends; and more young lady friends too,† (†¦ ) She paused again for an instant; she was looking at Winterbourne with all her prettiness in her lively eyes and in her lig ht, slightly monotonous smile. â€Å"I have always had,† she said, â€Å"a great deal of gentlemen's society. (James, 1879: 11) Moving forward along the story we readers witness the stage of initiation proper. Daisy undergoes several experiences, that is to say, the trials or tests in Campbell’s terms. There are several crucial episodes outlining these tests. Many of them are mainly decisions taken by Daisy, which are seen as inexcusable mistakes by the American European society, though seen as natural behaviour by Daisy, quite the opposite to what she herself qualifies as ‘stiff’. As a way of example, Daisy has to cope with Mrs. Costello’s disdainful rejection, who refuses to become personally acquainted with her. Most importantly, Daisy herself deduces this fact through Winterbourne’s hesitant words. This is not a minor detail, because it is by her capacity of deduction that Daisy’s increasing emotional maturity is made evident: I shall be ever so glad to know your aunt. † Winterbourne was embarrassed. (†¦ ) he said; â€Å"but I am afraid those headaches will interfere. † (†¦ ) â€Å"But I suppose she doesn't have a headache every day,† she said sympathetically. (†¦ ). â€Å"She tells me she does,† he answered at last, not knowing what to say. Miss Daisy Miller stopped and stood looking at him. (†¦ ) â€Å"She doesn't want to know me! † she said suddenly. â€Å"Why don't you say so? You needn't be afraid. I'm not afraid! † (†¦ )You needn't be afraid,† she repeated. â€Å"Why should she want to know me? † (†¦ ) â€Å"Gracious! she IS exclusive! † she said. (James, 1879:18) At Mrs. Walker’s, one of the society matrons, Daisy makes a succession of social mistakes, such as asking Mrs. Walker, who was having a party, to bring her friend Mr. Giovanelli with her. Additionally, she confesses that she is going out for a promenade alone with him. Although this scandalizes Mrs. Costello, who prompted Daisy to desist from this plan, Daisy only fulfills her own desires. To make matters even worse, later on when Daisy is walking with Giovanelli and Winterbourne, Mrs. Walker follows Daisy and urges her to leave the men immediately and go with her in her carriage. Daisy’s firm refusal only accelerates what will be inevitable in the end, her social alienation. At the same time her determination and personality have reached their high peak: Do get in and drive with me! † said Mrs. Walker. â€Å"That would be charming, but it's so enchanting just as I am! † (†¦ ) â€Å"It may be enchanting, dear child, but it is not the custom here,† urged Mrs. Walker, (†¦ ) â€Å"Well, it ought to be, then! † said Daisy. â€Å"If I didn't walk I should expire. † â€Å"You should walk with your mother, dear,† cried the lady from Geneva, losing patience. â€Å"With my mother dear! † exclaimed the young girl. (†¦ ), â€Å"I am more than five years old. â€Å"†You are old enough to be more reasonable. You are old enough, dear Miss Miller, to be talked about. † (†¦)Daisy gave a violent laugh. â€Å"I never heard anything so stiff! If this is improper, Mrs. Walker,† she pursued, â€Å"then I am all improper, and you must give me up. Goodbye; I hope you'll have a lovely ride! and, with Mr. Giovanelli, who made a triumphantly obsequious salute, she turned away. (James, 1879:38-39) Mrs. Walker’s party is what Campbell designates as the Climax. Again, Daisy’s actions only seem to precipitate her dramatic fall. Initially, while she remains at home with Giovanelli, she first sends her mother alone. When she finally arrives she does not wait to be spoken to, totally unconscious of the ‘all the cold shoulders that were turned toward her ,‘ especially those of Mrs. Walker’s (James, 1879: 48). Eventually, the awful truth only dawned on her later: When Daisy came to take leave of Mrs. Walker, this lady (†¦ ) turned her back straight upon Miss Miller and left her to depart with what grace she might. (†¦ ). Daisy turned away, looking with a pale, grave face at the circle near the door;Winterbourne saw that, for the first moment, she was too much shocked and puzzled even for indignation. (James, 1879:44). Lastly, Daisy confronts Campbell’s Final Battle at the Roman Colosseum. When, disappointedly she perceives that Winterbourne, whom she had considered as a real friend, mistrusts in her chastity, she understands hat she will never fit in that hypocrite society, far advanced her ideas are for that era. Now she knows that her Gift, her knowledge, cannot be shared with this community. Therefore, she ultimate resolves to detach herself physically from that corrupted society. Being aware that being non native in Rome, hence not immune to malaria, and having spent many hours at the Colosseum, which is presumed to be in fected with this illness, she nonetheless refuses to take Eugenio’s disease preventing pills. In this way, Daisy completes the cycle of her story of initiation, by fulfiling Mordecai’s Decisive model. However, she does not do so in Campbell’s terms, namely in what he calls the Return. Quite the contrary, she follows W. R. B. Lewis’s pattern of Denitiation of the American Hero, explained in The American Adam : â€Å"†¦ the valid rite of initiation for the individual in the new world is not an initiation into society, but, given the character of society, an initiation away from it: something I wish it were legitimate to call denitiation’ â€Å" (W. R. B Lewis,1955: 115). In other words, the American hero does not return to the place from where he has departed. Instead, from disillusionment he prefers alienation, sealing her physical and social evinction. Henry James used many strategies when writing Daisy Miller, A Study. Whether literary, discourse or narrative, these features are what brought his nouvelle to life and provided it with unity. Henry James was born in New York, in a family of intellectuals. His father was a man known not only for his intelligence but also for encouraging his children to become the best in their fields of study. In Henry’s case, it was literature and he decided to follow literary realism. However, it was psychological realism what he was more interested in. This is what encouraged Henry James to create the term â€Å"central intelligence†: This term is used to describe a character in a story whose main purpose is to tell the story and filter the events taking place in it thought his or her thoughts and feelings. The central intelligence in Daisy Miller, A Study is Frederick Winterbourne. He is the character who filters the events in the nouvelle and he is the teller of the story, even though he is not the narrator. He is introduced in the second paragraph, once the setting of the story is provided to the reader by the narrator. The concept of central intelligence is probably the most important discourse strategy in the nouvelle. It is the main procedure by which the writer brings unity to the text, turning it into a whole. The centre of intelligence can also be seen as a narrative strategy, since it is the use of this character along with the presence of a narrator, the medium by which the writer tells the story. Daisy Miller, A Study has a 3rd person narrator as well as a center of intelligence. The narrator is not an omniscient narrator; it is a narrator who lacks the knowledge of what is happening in the minds of the characters, he only knows what Winterbourne perceives about them. An example that shows this relationship between the narrator and Winterbourne is the following:â€Å"Winterbourne wondered if he had been like this in his infancy, for he had been brought to Europe at about this age†. (James 1879: 6) In this extract of the text Winterbourne meets Randolph, Daisy’s brother. We can see the central intelligence of the nouvelle, how his feeling and thoughts filter the information, in this case Randolph’s behavior, and compares it with his own behavior, of which he is not certain of, since he does not remember. The narrator merely tells us what Winterbourne felt at the time but he does not give us any further information. An example of the narrative strategy found in the text, that shows us that Daisy Miller, A Study is in fact a story of initiation, is how the nouvelle is structured. It is divided in two parts. In the first part of the story we see how the two main characters meet and we learn about Daisy’s personality and peculiar manners. We could say that in this part of the nouvelle, which takes part in Switzerland, Daisy earns herself a bad reputation. An example of what people thought of Daisy can be seen in this extract taken from the text: In the evening Winterbourne mentioned to Mrs. Costello that he had spent the afternoon at Chillon with Miss Daisy Miller (†¦ ) She went with you all alone? †¦) And that, she exclaimed, is the young person to whom you wanted me to know! (James 1879:27) In the second part of the nouvelle, which takes part in Rome, we can appreciate how Daisy is rejected by Mrs. Costello and how the young woman accepts she will probably never be accepted as a respected member of society. As mentioned earlier, this is the moment we think Daisy receives her gift, in this case, the gift of knowledge, which is evidence in itse lf of Daisy’s acquired maturity. She knows what the rules of European society are and refuses to follow them. As the nouvelle progresses, this knowledge is what brings Daisy’s life to an end, both physically and socially. In Daisy Miller, A Study, there is a vast amount of literary devices playing art in what we consider the story of initiation. One such device is symbolism, and we have chosen to give this example since we believe it summarizes Daisy’s story. Flowers are said to be images that furnish sentences that would be very common otherwise. Moreover, the image of a flower can imply growth, maturity. Once flowers are mature enough, they blossom. The following quote shows how Daisy mature, from being a very naive girl, to a â€Å"very clever foireign lady†, as Winterbourne later puts it: â€Å"Winterbourne listened to him [Giovanelli]: he stood staring at the raw protuberance [bud] among the April daisies. † (James 1879:54) To conclude this essay, we would like to ratify our working hypothesis. We strongly believe Daisy Miller, A Study is a story of initiation. As illustrated previously, Daisy Miller, our heroine follows the stages proposed by authors such as Marcus Mordecai, Joseph Campbell and W. R. B. Lewis in her process of initiation and personal growth. As was also previously mentioned, we consider that this story of initiation was possible through the many strategies available to the author and writer of this nouvelle, that is, to Henry James. We also believe, this nouvelle transcends the obvious, it transcends the story of the encounter between an American man and a naive young American lady who does not seem to fit in European society. We think Daisy Miller, A Study is not only the study of the personalities its author describes, but also, and more importantly, the initiation of a young lady into womanhood.

Field Experience Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Field Experience - Research Paper Example It is also a setting where various social groups such as families, couples, friends and even individual visitors will feel comfortable, since the place is set to be all-inclusive. There are different components that give different categories of people a reason to visit. Description of the setting The setting of the Disney Land Theme Park and Resort is all-inclusive, with different segments that people may want to engage in, such as the entertainment, sports, the sit-down restaurants, the food stands where people can purchase different types of foods stuffs, especially snacks, beverages and other light food items. There are also gift shops where people can purchase gifts for their friends, spouses and even family members, since the gift shops are stocked with a variety of gifts, which makes it possible for the visitors to select from a variety. There are various sorts of rest places where people can rest and talk, including in the open air as they enjoy the sun, or under the shades. T here are different themes for each particular attraction, which include animals, historical artifacts, fish in their ponds, waterfalls, Splash Mountains, woodland-for-plays, jungle cruise and the fantasyland, where one sings along the classic tunes, while the mind is wandering into the fullness of precious fantasies. The setting is well constituted, to give a visitor the best of feelings and enjoyment, which allows the visitor to forget all other concerns and the aspects of life difficulties, to live an entirely new life, at least for the moment one is in this place. Several games such as the Roller coasters are available, while dining and accommodation services are also adequately available. Entertainment, especially in form of live performances is a common phenomenon in Disneyland, while cool music that brings back sweet memory is also always in play. Observations of the interactions that took place A visit to Disneyland is one of the most thrilling experiences that an individual can ever have. Just by setting the foot on Disneyland, the reality of dreams, fantasy and wild imaginations comes into the forefront, while the stress and any life concern seems to disappears, at least for the moment spent in this Theme Park and Resort. At the entrance, there is a welcoming sign that tells the visitor the type of expectations they should have during the time spent in the Theme Park and in the Resort. The welcoming note tells the visitor to welcome to the place where imagination is the destination. This welcoming sign alone, is sufficient to prepare the mind of the visitor and make it wander from expectation to expectation, increasing the desire to enter and witness the real content of Disneyland. The opening time is 8 a.m. There was already a queue of about 500 people waiting to enter, who consisted of families, couples, friends and even singles. The ticketing service was excellent, since there are many ticket sellers, who serve the customers very fast, ensuring tha t the visitors do not spend long in the queue. There are various kinds of tickets that are sold to the visitors, depending on the visitors preferences. Bonus tickets are also available, which ensures that customers who buy tickets worth a lot of money also get some bonuses to receive more benefits and services from the Disneyland Theme Park and Resort. The adults are charged from $87, depending on the areas of visitation and the activities to indulge

Three Forms Of Financial Market Efficiency Essay

Three Forms Of Financial Market Efficiency - Essay Example Operational Efficiency: One of the main preconditions for attaining allocational efficiency is the operational efficiency. An operationally efficient financial market is the one in which sellers and buyers are able to purchase the products and services at a price which is as low as possible considering the costs of providing the services (Hasenpusch, 2009). In such a market transaction costs as well as the administrative costs are minimized. Furthermore, lenders and borrowers are subjected to maximum convenience at the time of mobilizing the resources (Bhole, 2004). Â  Failure to attain operational efficiency means transaction costs are quite high and as a result number of financial transactions will be lowered. This, in turn, would make the companies delay their investment plans which may make the society worse off. The study on operational efficiency actually inspects whether the financial services that are offered by various organizations are provided without violating criteria r egarding industrial efficiency. In other words, any study on this concept examines the competition among various financial service providers as well as among various financial markets. Furthermore, it also examines the commission fees (Bailey, 2005).Informational Efficiency: ‘Information' has been one of the key aspects of the process of making financial markets efficient. Informational efficiency is referred to the degree to which prices of the assets reflect the information that is available to the investors.

Trust of leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Trust of leadership - Essay Example Trust is the only way to make people follow you, thus every leader should do his/her best to gain trust. First of all, it is important to understand that trust depends on healthy communication. Leaders should be able to listen and promote honesty in workplace relations. In every company communication is a tool to create understanding between employees and senior managers (Lord et al, 1986). Leaders should improve their communication skills in order to establish healthy relationships with employees. Relations at the workplace should be based on the mutual respect and ethical principles established in the organization. Leaders should take care about workplace ethics as it should be among the top priorities. â€Å"Most people don't know how to think about the organizational and societal consequences of low trust because they don't know how to quantify or measure the costs of such a so-called "soft" factor as trust. For many, trust is intangible, ethereal, unquantifiable. If it remains that way, then people don't know how to get their arms around it or how to improve it. But the fact is, the costs of low trust are very real, they are quantifiable, and they are staggering† (Covey). In order to make people trust you it is essential to try to meet their needs. A leader should help workers feel comfortable at the workplace. Many people appreciate responsive leaders, who do not stay indifferent to their needs and remember that people are not robots. It is a real art and not an easy task for leader to be responsive and exacting at the same time, but all of the leaders should try to manage this art and adopt the way of behavior that would allow them to gain employees’ trust and not to lose authority at the same time. â€Å"The job of a leader is to go first, to extend trust first. Not a blind trust without expectations and accountability, but rather a "smart trust" with clear expectations and strong accountability built into the process. The best leaders al ways lead out with a decided propensity to trust, as opposed to a propensity not to trust† (Covey  ). Leaders often make serious mistakes by making decisions themselves not sharing their plans with the employees. People usually do not like to follow orders not knowing what they are taking efforts for. They want their employers to value their creativity and to provide them with the opportunity to express it. All the important decisions taken by the leaders of the company should be agreed with the employees. If employees take part in the decision- making process, they will understand that their leaders trust their opinion and, moreover, they need it. That will make employees trust their leaders and believe in them (Lord et al, 1986). The main task of a leader is to make his/her subordinate believe that they are working for both the benefit of the company and their own benefit. In every organizing there should be a spirit of a goal that is the one for everybody and everyone sho uld try to do his/her best to achieve this goal. Employees should believe that reaching the goal of the company will help them reach their own goal and this is the guarantee of success (Lord et al, 1986). Trust is the most important component in leadership. Employees who trust a leader will follow all his/her requirements. The performance of the company will also gain if employees trust their leader. Thus, leaders should take effort to make employees tr